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Pacific Ring of Fire Expedition. Chemosynthetic microbial mats coverred algae and coral (which are photosynthetic). Hydrothermal vent and coralreef communities are overlapping here at 190 meters, something none of thescientists on the Submarine Ring of Fire Expedition have witnessed before. (Image credit: Pacific Ring of Fire 2004 Expedition. NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration; Dr. Bob Embley, NOAA PMEL, Chief Scientist)